Credite și credite
Sistem de contabilitate cu intrare dublăCe sunt datorii și credite?
Cum funcționează
Să presupunem că păstrați evidența contabilă pentru un magazin de retail care tocmai se deschise.
Puteți încerca să păstrați aceste înregistrări, prin simpla înregistrare a vânzărilor și a costurilor întreprinderii.
Problema este că o afacere poate face multe tranzacții într-o perioadă contabilă.
Dacă doar unele dintre aceste tranzacții sunt incorecte, înregistrările contabile de la sfârșitul perioadei dvs. vor fi de încredere și total inutile.
With the double-entry system, you still record sales and costs.
By using a double entry, however, you record a duplicate record of those transactions in other accounts, as well.
This duplicate record is in a convenient format for checking.
It allows for fast, easy, and reliable checking against the records of other businesses.
By checking these accounts alone, you can make sure your entire record of sales and costs is correct.
Accounts
Making all this possible is a system of two-sided accounts.
Each account is divided into two sides.
One sides is the credit side.
You use this side to show money or value came from the account.
The other side is the debit side.
You use this side of the account to show what the money was used for or where it went
How Debits & Credits Work With Cash Transactions
Cash transactions are those transactions the business makes with the bank.
These transactions will be shown on the business’s month end bank statement.
For example, the business will receive cash from sales.
The business will deposit this money in the bank.
In its month-end statement, the bank will show the transaction as a deposit.
The business will also pay cash for things.
In doing this, the business will withdraw money from the bank.
The transaction will appear on the month-end bank statement as a withdrawal.
Recording Cash Transactions
With the double-entry system, you need to record every transaction made with the bank.
For example, to start up, the owner may have put some of their own money into the business.
They would deposit this money in the business’s bank account.
To record this transaction, you credit the capital account.
This shows that the money came from the owner’s capital.
At the same time, you debit the checking account.
This shows the money was deposited in the bank.
The business owner may also borrow additional start-up money from a friend or a relative.
Once received, they will deposit this money in the bank, as well.
To record this transaction, you credit the loan account.
This shows money came from a loan.
At the same time, you debit the checking account.
This shows the money was deposited in the bank.
After this, the business owner may rent premises for the store.
Here, they would take money from the checking account.
Then they send this money to the landlord.
To record this transaction, you credit the checking account.
This shows money came from the bank.
Next, you debit the rent account.
This shows the money was used for rent.
The business owner may buy goods to sell in the store.
Again, they take money from the bank.
And they use this money for purchases.
To record the purchase, you credit the checking account.
This shows money came from the bank.
Next, you debit the purchases account.
This shows the money was used for purchases.
The store will then sell these goods.
If cash sales, the business will deposit the takings in the bank.
To record the transaction, you credit the sales account.
This shows the money came from sales.
Next, you debit the checking account.
This shows the takings were deposited in the bank.
Checking Cash Transactions
By month end, you should have a complete record of cash transactions.
You will have one record of them in the general accounts.
Because you use a double entry, you will have a duplicate record of those transactions in the checking account.
As such, the checking account should contain the same transactions as shown in the other accounts.
For your record of transactions to be correct, they should be the same as those shown in the checking account.
This why the checking account is known as a control account.
All you need check is the control account.
If correct, because of the double-entry, all the other accounts should be correct, as well.
To check your record of cash transactions, you compare your checking account to the month end bank statement.
If the records agree, it shows the control account is correct.
There are three main control accounts.
To see how the others work, go to:
© R.J. Hickman 2020